After years of hospital work in general medicine, psychiatry and in an outpatient department of social psychiatry, he started a private practice in psychotherapy, general medicine and clinical psychology in Vienna in 1982.

During that same year he came into close collaboration with Viktor Frankl (1983-1991). He assisted Frankl’s lectures at the university and worked with him in many relevant fields of Logotherapy.

Längle is the founder and president of the International Society for Logotherapy and Existential Analysis (Vienna). Viktor Frankl was the society’s honorary president until 1990, at which time he resigned because of Längle’s new developments in the field of existential analysis (methods, implication of existential self-experience in the training seminars, rejecting the exclusive use of the meaning paradigm in psychotherapy by implementing also the biographical access).

Längle is a constant lecturer at the Universities of Vienna (since 1984), Innsbruck (1994), Graz (1995), Moscow and Buenos Aires (2000). He also founded the training school of Existential-Analytical Psychotherapy, which is stately approved in Austria, Switzerland, Tchek Republic and Rumania.

In 2000 Längle got a honorary doctor’s degree in recognition of his developments in the field of existential analysis from the medical faculty of the university of Temesvar.

Längle was also editor and co-editor of the Journal Existenzanalyse.

Publications:

• (2000) Sinnspuren. Dem Leben antworten. St.Pölten: NP-Verlag
• (2000) Praxis der Personalen Existenzanalyse. Wien: Facultas (Ed.)
• (2000) Ich kann nicht… Behinderung als menschliches Phänomen. Wien: Facultas (Ed. with K. Rühl)
• (1999) Existenzskala. (Together with Orgler Ch., Kundi M.) Göttingen: Hogrefe
• (1988) Entscheidung zum Sein. München: Piper. (Ed.)
• (1998) Viktor Frankl. Ein Porträt. München: Piper. (also in spanish translation 2000)
• (1997) Süchtig sein. Entstehung, Formen und Behandlung von Abhängigkeiten. Wien: Facultas. (Ed. with Ch. Probst)
• (1985) Wege zum Sinn. München: Piper. (Ed.)

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She is a chartered counseling psychologist and a registered existential psychotherapist. Emmy van Deurzen is the founder and director of The New School of Psychotherapy and Counselling, based in Waterloo, London, which is validated by the University of Sheffield. She is also the founder and past chair for the Society for Existential Analysis.

She created the School of Psychotherapy and Counselling at Regent’s College in London, where she was given a chair in psychotherapy and counseling. She is also the past chair of the UKCP.

She is widely published on existential psychotherapy and counselling. Her most recent book is Everyday Mysteries (Routledge 1997).

Publications

• (1998) Paradox and Passion in Psychotherapy : An Existential Approach to Therapy and Counselling (Wiley Series in Existential Perspectives on Psychotherapy).
• (1987) Existential Counselling in Practice.

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He has gained an international reputation for his exposition of various key issues in existential-phenomenological inquiry, most notable with regard to the question of the development of the self-construct, the relational realms within the psychotherapeutic relationship and the inter-subjective factors which inform an existential theory of human sexuality. For these, and other, original contributions, Professor Spinelli was awarded a Personal Chair in Psychotherapy Counselling and Counselling Psychology in 1998.

Among his many papers and publications, Professor Spinelli’s The Interpreted World: an introduction to phenomenological psychology (Sage, 1989); Demystifying Therapy (Constable, 1994) and Tales of Un-knowing: therapeutic encounters from an existential perspective (Duckworth (UK) and New York University Press (US)) have been widely admired for their clarity and originality of argument.

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He is widely published and has edited the Journal of the Society for Existential Analysis since 1991. With a background in film and cultural studies, his research interests include the relationship between existential psychotherapy and literature, and the history and current development of clinical supervision.

Published Works

• (1999) On dialogue between philosophical counselling and existential psychotherapy. Journal of the Society for Existential Analysis, 10.1.
• (1997) Case Studies in Existential Psychotherapy and Counselling Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
• (1997) ‘Social Responsibility’ in Horton, I. And Varma, V. The Needs of Counsellors and Psychotherapists London: Sage.
• (1997) Sexual misconceptions: a critique of gay affirmative therapy and some thoughts on an existential-phenomenological theory of sexual orientation. Journal of the Society for Existential Analysis, 8.2.
• (1996) ‘The Existential-Phenomenological Movement 1834-1996’ in Dryden, W. (Ed.). Developments in Psychotherapy. London, UK: Sage.
• (1995) Smoke without fire: towards an existential-phenomenological perspective on hallucinations Journal of the Society for Existential Analysis, 6.2.
• (1994) Ontological insecurity and the ‘Immense Sensibility’ of the Jamesian novel. Journal of the Society for Existential Analysis, 5.
• (1993) Dialogue or diatribe? A brief comparison of the implications for client-therapist interaction of existential and cognitive analytic approaches. Journal of the Society for Existential Analysis, 4.
• (1992) What is existential self-analysis? Journal of the Society for Existential Analysis.
• (1992) The communicative concept of validation and the definition of science. The International Journal of Communicative Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, 7 (3-4).

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Links

• Viktor Frankl Institute, Vienna
• Viktor E. Frankl Biography
• Obituary By ROLAND PRINZ The Associated Press

Books

• Man’s Search For Meaning
  by Viktor E. Frankl
  Paperback: 224 pages
  Publisher: Pocket (December 1, 1997)
  ISBN: 0671023373
• Man’s Search for Ultimate Meaning
  by Viktor E. Frankl
  Paperback: 208 pages
  Publisher: Perseus Publishing (July, 2000)
  ISBN: 0738203548
• Viktor Frankl Recollections: An Autobiography
  by Viktor E. Frankl, et al
  Hardcover: 143 pages
  Publisher: Plenum Pr (May 1, 1997)
  ISBN: 0306454106
• The Doctor and the Soul : From Psychotherapy to Logotherapy
  by Viktor E. Frankl
  Paperback: 352 pages
  Publisher: Vintage (October 12, 1986)
  ISBN: 0394743172
• The Will to Meaning: Foundations and Applications of Logotherapy
  by Victor E. Frankl
  Paperback: 208 pages
  Publisher: Plume (September 1, 1988)
  ISBN: 0452010349

Quotes

The one thing you can’t take away from me is the way I choose to respond to what you do to me. The last of one’s freedoms is to choose ones attitude in any given circumstance.

When we are no longer able to change a situation – we are challenged to change ourselves.

Love is the only way to grasp another human being in the innermost core of his personality.

The last of human freedoms – the ability to chose one’s attitude in a given set of circumstances.

Those who have a ‘why’ to live, can bear with almost any ‘how.’

Ever more people today have the means to live, but no meaning to live for.

What is to give light must endure burning.

Everyone has his own specific vocation or mission in life; everyone must carry out a concrete assignment that demands fulfillment. Therein he cannot be replaced, nor can his life be repeated, thus, everyone’s task is unique as his specific opportunity.

Since Auschwitz we know what man is capable of. And since Hiroshima we know what is at stake.

Everything can be taken from a man but one thing; the last of the human freedoms – to choose one’s attitude in any given set of circumstances, to choose one’s own way.

Life can be pulled by goals just as surely as it can be pushed by drives.

Only to the extent that someone is living out this self transcendence of human existence, is he truly human or does he become his true self. He becomes so, not by concerning himself with his self’s actualization, but by forgetting himself and giving himself, overlooking himself and focusing outward.

Ultimately, man should not ask what the meaning of his life is, but rather he must recognize that it [is] he who is asked.

For the meaning of life differs from man to man, from day to day and from hour to hour. What matters, therefore, is not the meaning of life in general but rather the specific meaning of a person’s life at a given moment.

We who lived in concentration camps can remember the men who walked through the huts comforting others, giving away their last piece of bread. They may have been few in number, but they offer sufficient proof that everything can be taken from a man but one thing: the last of the human freedoms — to choose one’s attitude in any given set of circumstances, to choose one’s own way.

A human being is a deciding being.

Each man is questioned by life; and he can only answer to life by answering for his own life; to life he can only respond by being responsible.

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